How to Prepare for Hurricanes: Your Complete Safety Guide

Hurricane season brings a unique set of challenges that requires thorough preparation and planning. With Atlantic hurricane season officially running from June 1 to November 30 each year, and Pacific hurricane season starting slightly earlier on May 15, millions of coastal residents face the threat of these powerful storms annually. According to NOAA’s Climate Prediction Center, recent hurricane seasons have shown above-average activity, with 2020 setting a record with 30 named storms. At Batten Home Security, we’ve worked with many homeowners in hurricane-prone regions who have learned that comprehensive preparation isn’t just recommended—it’s essential for protecting lives and property.

Understanding Hurricane Risks and Warning Systems

Hurricanes pose multiple serious threats including devastating winds, storm surge flooding, torrential rainfall, and even tornadoes. The National Hurricane Center categorizes hurricanes on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale from Category 1 (74-95 mph winds) to Category 5 (157+ mph winds), with each increasing category representing exponentially greater damage potential. Storm surge—the abnormal rise of water generated by a storm—often causes the most destruction, with some hurricanes producing surges exceeding 20 feet. Understanding these risks and the warning systems in place is the first step toward effective preparation.

The National Weather Service issues different alerts that everyone in hurricane-prone regions should recognize:

Hurricane Watch: Hurricane conditions (sustained winds of 74 mph or higher) are possible within the specified area, typically issued 48 hours before anticipated onset of tropical-storm-force winds
Hurricane Warning: Hurricane conditions are expected within the specified area, usually issued 36 hours before anticipated onset of tropical-storm-force winds
Tropical Storm Watch/Warning: Similar alerts but for tropical storm conditions (sustained winds of 39-73 mph)
Storm Surge Watch/Warning: Possibility or expectation of life-threatening inundation from rising water moving inland

Creating Your Hurricane Emergency Plan

A comprehensive hurricane emergency plan is critical for family safety. According to FEMA, only 49% of Americans have a household emergency plan despite their effectiveness in reducing panic and improving outcomes during disasters. When working with coastal homeowners, we’ve found that families with clear, practiced plans respond more effectively during evacuations and experience less stress during hurricane events. Your plan should account for all family members, including pets, and address various scenarios from sheltering in place to full evacuation.

Essential Components of Your Hurricane Plan

Family Communication Strategy: Establish how family members will contact one another if separated, including an out-of-state contact person everyone can call
Evacuation Routes: Map multiple evacuation routes from your home to safe locations, accounting for potential road closures
Meeting Locations: Designate primary and secondary meeting places both in your neighborhood (for minor emergencies) and outside your area (for evacuations)
Emergency Contact Information: Compile a list of important phone numbers including local emergency services, utility companies, insurance providers, and medical contacts
Special Needs Considerations: Plan for family members with disabilities, medical conditions, or mobility issues
Pet Evacuation Plan: Identify pet-friendly shelters or accommodations, as many emergency shelters don’t accept pets

Once developed, review your plan with all family members and practice it at least twice a year. We’ve found that families who conduct “hurricane drills” respond much more efficiently during actual emergencies.

Building Your Hurricane Emergency Supply Kit

A well-stocked emergency kit is your lifeline during and after a hurricane. FEMA and the Red Cross recommend preparing supplies to last at least 72 hours, though many of our homeowner clients in hurricane-prone regions prepare for 7-10 days based on experiences with extended power outages and limited access to supplies following major storms. After Hurricane Maria in 2017, some Puerto Rican communities went without power for nearly a year, underscoring the importance of thorough preparation. Your emergency kit should be assembled well before hurricane season and stored in waterproof containers that are easily accessible.

Hurricane Emergency Supply Checklist

Water: One gallon per person per day for at least three days (preferably 7-10 days)
Food: Non-perishable items requiring minimal preparation like canned goods, energy bars, and ready-to-eat meals
Medications: At least 7-day supply of prescription medications and basic over-the-counter remedies
First Aid Kit: Comprehensive kit including bandages, antiseptic, pain relievers, and any specific medical supplies your family needs
Lighting: Flashlights, headlamps, and battery-powered lanterns (avoid candles due to fire risk)
Communications: Battery-powered or hand-crank NOAA weather radio, cell phone power banks, and portable chargers
Batteries: Extra batteries in various sizes for all battery-powered devices
Personal Hygiene Items: Soap, hand sanitizer, toilet paper, moist towelettes, garbage bags, and personal hygiene products
Important Documents: Waterproof container with copies of insurance policies, identification, bank records, and emergency contact information
Cash: Small bills and coins, as ATMs and credit card systems may be unavailable
Tools: Multi-tool, wrench or pliers for turning off utilities, manual can opener, duct tape
Clothing: Complete change of clothing for each person, sturdy shoes, and rain gear
Pet Supplies: Food, water, medications, carriers, and documentation for pets
Comfort Items: Books, games, and activities for children

Based on our experience working with homeowners recovering from hurricanes, we recommend creating both a stay-at-home kit and a portable evacuation kit. The evacuation version should be lighter but contain all essential items needed if you must leave quickly.

Protecting Your Home Before Hurricane Season

Structural preparation significantly reduces hurricane damage potential. According to insurance industry data, homes with hurricane mitigation features experience 42% less damage on average during major storms. Long-term home hardening measures are best completed well before hurricane season begins, while last-minute protections should be part of your hurricane action plan when a storm is approaching. Many homeowners we work with in coastal areas implement permanent solutions during renovation projects or when replacing features like roofing or windows.

Long-Term Home Hurricane Protection Measures

Roof Reinforcement: Install hurricane straps or clips to secure roof-to-wall connections and prevent roof uplift
Impact-Resistant Windows: Replace standard windows with impact-resistant glass or install permanent storm shutters
Reinforced Garage Doors: Install hurricane-rated garage doors or retrofit existing doors with bracing kits
Entry Door Reinforcement: Ensure exterior doors have at least three hinges and a deadbolt lock with 1-inch minimum throw
Gutter Maintenance: Clean and secure gutters and downspouts to prevent water damage
Foundation Inspection: Have your foundation checked for cracks or weaknesses and repair as needed
Landscaping Modifications: Replace gravel/rock landscaping with shredded bark, keep trees trimmed, and consider removing trees that could fall on your home
Elevation Measures: In flood-prone areas, consider elevating utilities, appliances, and electrical system components

Last-Minute Home Protection When a Hurricane Is Approaching

Window Protection: Install temporary storm shutters or cover windows with 5/8-inch exterior grade plywood
Secure Outdoor Items: Bring in or anchor outdoor furniture, decorations, garbage cans, and anything that could become a projectile
Reinforce Doors: Install temporary door braces on exterior doors
Clear Gutters and Drains: Ensure all water drainage systems are free-flowing
Trim Trees: Remove dead or loose branches that could cause damage
Move Valuables: Relocate important items to higher levels of your home if flooding is possible
Document Home Condition: Take photos or video of your property for insurance purposes

Many of the homeowners we work with have found that investing in permanent hurricane protection features not only increases safety but often qualifies them for insurance discounts, creating long-term financial benefits.

Technology Tools for Hurricane Preparedness

Modern technology provides valuable tools for hurricane monitoring and emergency management. The National Hurricane Center reports that improved early warning systems have contributed to a 50% reduction in hurricane-related deaths in the U.S. over the past 50 years. Smart home security systems with battery backups, weather monitoring devices, and mobile applications have become essential components of comprehensive hurricane preparedness. These technologies provide real-time information and enhanced communication capabilities during emergencies.

Essential Hurricane Tech Tools

Weather Alert Apps: FEMA app, Weather Underground, The Weather Channel, or local news station apps with push notifications
NOAA Weather Radio: Battery-powered or hand-crank radio receiving National Weather Service broadcasts
Power Solutions: Portable generators, solar chargers, and battery power stations to maintain essential electronics
Water Detection Sensors: Smart home sensors that alert you to water intrusion
GPS Navigation: Offline maps and GPS devices for evacuation routes when cell service is unavailable
Document Storage: Cloud-based storage for important documents and photos
Communication Devices: Two-way radios for local communication when cell networks fail

From our experience working with homeowners in hurricane-prone regions, we’ve found that layered communication options are essential. While smartphones are convenient, backup communication methods like weather radios and two-way radios provide redundancy when cellular networks become overwhelmed or disabled.

During the Hurricane: Safety Procedures

If you’re unable to evacuate or are directed to shelter in place during a hurricane, following proper safety protocols is critical. According to the CDC, most hurricane-related injuries occur during the storm itself or in the immediate aftermath. This includes injuries from flying debris, falling trees, electrical hazards, and flooding. Safety procedures should be clearly understood by all family members before the storm arrives, with special attention given to identifying the safest locations within your home.

If You Must Shelter in Place

Identify the Safest Room: Choose an interior room on the lowest level away from windows, typically a bathroom, hallway, or closet
Monitor Official Information: Keep your weather radio or emergency alerts active
Stay Away from Windows: Even if they’re covered, windows can break during extreme winds
Conserve Phone Battery: Use phones sparingly and keep them charged as long as power is available
Fill Bathtubs and Containers: Store water for sanitation needs before the storm hits
Turn Refrigerator to Coldest Setting: This helps food last longer if power fails
Be Ready to Turn Off Utilities: Know how to shut off water, gas, and electricity if instructed to do so
Use Flashlights, Not Candles: Avoid fire hazards during and after the storm

Recognizing the Hurricane “Eye” Deception

Many homeowners we’ve worked with have shared stories about the dangerous misconception of the hurricane “eye”—the calm center of the storm that can give a false sense that the hurricane has passed. When the eye passes over, conditions temporarily improve with clearing skies and diminishing winds. However, this is quickly followed by the second half of the hurricane, where winds come from the opposite direction, often with equal or greater force. Never venture outside during this deceptive calm period.

After the Hurricane: Recovery Steps

The aftermath of a hurricane requires careful attention to safety hazards and systematic recovery procedures. FEMA data shows that approximately 50% of hurricane-related injuries occur during cleanup and recovery efforts. Common hazards include electrocution from downed power lines, carbon monoxide poisoning from generators, injuries from chainsaw accidents, and health risks from contaminated water. Our experience working with homeowners in hurricane-affected areas has shown that having a clear post-storm plan significantly reduces these risks and accelerates recovery.

Immediate Post-Hurricane Safety Measures

Stay Informed: Continue monitoring emergency broadcasts for important instructions
Check for Injuries: Attend to injuries using your first aid kit, seeking medical help for serious conditions
Inspect for Damage Safely: Look for structural damage, gas leaks, electrical hazards, and water contamination
Avoid Floodwaters: Never walk or drive through floodwaters, which may be deeper than they appear and potentially contaminated
Watch for Downed Power Lines: Assume all downed lines are energized and dangerous
Use Generators Safely: Operate generators outdoors only, at least 20 feet from doors and windows
Document Damage: Take photos and videos of all damage for insurance claims
Prevent Further Damage: Cover broken windows and damaged roofs with tarps or plastic sheeting
Check on Neighbors: Especially those who are elderly, disabled, or living alone

Beginning the Recovery Process

Contact Your Insurance Company: Report damage as soon as possible
Apply for Disaster Assistance: Register with FEMA if a federal disaster is declared
Beware of Scams: Verify the credentials of contractors and never pay full amounts upfront
Address Water Damage Quickly: Begin drying out property within 24-48 hours to prevent mold
Dispose of Contaminated Items: Discard food, medicine, or materials that contacted floodwater
Practice Self-Care: Monitor physical and mental health during the stressful recovery period

Based on our work with homeowners recovering from hurricanes, we’ve found that creating a recovery priority list helps focus efforts on the most critical issues first. This typically includes structural stability, water intrusion, electrical systems, and essential living spaces.

Financial Preparedness for Hurricane Season

Financial preparation is a critical but often overlooked aspect of hurricane readiness. Insurance industry data reveals that 60% of homes in the United States are underinsured, with the average homeowner underinsured by more than 20%. This gap becomes particularly problematic following hurricane damage, when homeowners discover their policies don’t fully cover their losses. Additionally, standard homeowners insurance typically doesn’t cover flood damage, which requires separate flood insurance through the National Flood Insurance Program or private insurers. Comprehensive financial preparation should begin well before hurricane season.

Financial Hurricane Preparedness Steps

Review Insurance Coverage: Ensure your homeowners or renters policy adequately covers hurricane damage, understanding wind damage deductibles
Consider Flood Insurance: Purchase separate flood insurance, noting that new policies typically have a 30-day waiting period
Document Possessions: Create a home inventory with photos, videos, and receipts of valuable items
Gather Financial Documents: Collect and protect insurance policies, property deeds, mortgage information, and identification
Establish an Emergency Fund: Save enough to cover immediate post-hurricane expenses and insurance deductibles
Set Up Direct Deposit: Ensure income payments can continue electronically if mail service is disrupted
Maintain Cash Reserves: Keep cash on hand for emergencies when ATMs and credit card systems are unavailable

Many homeowners we work with have found that creating digital copies of important financial documents stored in secure cloud services provides peace of mind and practical access to critical information when physical documents may be inaccessible or damaged.

Special Considerations for Vulnerable Populations

Hurricane preparation requires additional planning for families with seniors, individuals with disabilities, or those with medical needs. According to the CDC, these vulnerable populations face disproportionately higher risks during disasters, with evacuation challenges and potential disruptions to medical care being primary concerns. We’ve worked with many families who have found that early planning and coordination with local emergency management agencies significantly improves outcomes for vulnerable household members.

Hurricane Preparedness for Special Needs

Medical Needs Planning: Maintain at least a 7-day supply of medications, medical equipment with backup power sources, and copies of prescriptions
Register with Local Authorities: Many communities maintain registries for residents with special needs to prioritize assistance
Arrange Transportation: Secure accessible transportation for evacuation if standard vehicles aren’t suitable
Identify Special Needs Shelters: Locate shelters equipped to handle medical needs or mobility requirements
Prepare Medical Information: Create a medical information sheet with conditions, medications, allergies, and healthcare provider contacts
Plan for Service Animals: Include food, water, and supplies for service animals in your emergency kit
Establish a Support Network: Identify neighbors, friends, or relatives who can assist during an emergency

For those dependent on powered medical equipment, we recommend working with healthcare providers to develop backup power plans and alternative care strategies in case of extended power outages.

Hurricane Preparation for Pet Owners

Pets require specific consideration in hurricane planning. According to the ASPCA, approximately 100,000 pets are left behind during evacuations annually, often because owners lack adequate pet evacuation plans. Studies following Hurricane Katrina showed that some people refused to evacuate because they couldn’t take their pets, putting human lives at risk as well. Comprehensive pet preparation should be integrated into your overall hurricane plan to ensure all family members—including the furry ones—remain safe.

Pet Hurricane Safety Checklist

Identify Pet-Friendly Evacuation Options: Research hotels, shelters, or boarding facilities outside the hurricane zone that accept pets
Prepare Pet Emergency Kit: Include food, water, medications, first aid supplies, carriers, leashes, litter boxes, and comfort items
Ensure Proper Identification: Make sure pets wear collars with ID tags and consider microchipping
Gather Vaccination Records: Many shelters and boarding facilities require proof of vaccinations
Pack Familiar Items: Include toys, bedding, or items with familiar scents to reduce stress
Plan for Separation: Prepare for the possibility that you might be separated, including having current photos of your pets
Practice Evacuation: Get pets accustomed to carriers and vehicle travel before an emergency occurs

From our experience working with pet owners in hurricane-prone regions, we’ve found that establishing relationships with veterinarians or boarding facilities outside your immediate area provides valuable backup options during evacuations.

Building Hurricane Resilience for the Future

Climate scientists project that hurricane intensity may increase in coming decades, with potentially more Category 4 and 5 storms affecting coastal communities. NOAA research indicates that hurricane rainfall rates could increase by 10-15% by the end of the century, intensifying flood risks. Building long-term resilience involves not only preparing for individual storms but also making sustainable choices that strengthen your home and community against future threats. Many homeowners we work with are incorporating hurricane resilience into their long-term home improvement plans.

Long-Term Hurricane Resilience Strategies

Consider Home Location: When moving or building, evaluate flood zones, elevation, and historical storm impacts
Invest in Structural Improvements: Incorporate hurricane-resistant features during renovations or rebuilds
Maintain Insurance Coverage: Regularly review and update policies to reflect current replacement costs
Support Community Preparedness: Participate in local emergency planning and neighborhood support networks
Stay Informed: Follow advances in hurricane forecasting, building technologies, and preparedness strategies
Create Redundant Systems: Develop multiple options for power, water, and communications
Practice and Update Plans: Regularly review, practice, and improve your hurricane preparedness plan

The most resilient homeowners we work with approach hurricane preparedness as an ongoing process rather than a one-time event, continuously improving their readiness based on new information and past experiences.

Conclusion: Preparation Creates Peace of Mind

Comprehensive hurricane preparation requires attention to multiple aspects of safety and security, from physical home protection to emergency supplies, evacuation planning, and financial readiness. While the process may seem overwhelming, addressing these elements systematically creates not only physical safety but also psychological resilience. Knowing you’ve taken appropriate steps to protect your family and property provides invaluable peace of mind when hurricane threats emerge.

The homeowners we work with who are most satisfied with their hurricane preparedness have typically developed their plans incrementally, focusing on different aspects each year until they’ve built comprehensive protection. They’ve also found that many hurricane preparation measures provide benefits beyond storm season, creating safer, more resilient homes year-round.

Remember that hurricane preparation isn’t just about surviving the storm—it’s about positioning yourself and your family to recover quickly and effectively in its aftermath. By implementing the strategies outlined in this guide, you’ll be well-equipped to face hurricane season with confidence and resilience.

Browse Batten’s expert-recommended emergency preparation tools to ensure you have the essential supplies needed for hurricane season and start protecting what matters most today.

Sources used for this article:

Hurricane Seasonal Preparedness Digital Toolkit, https://www.weather.gov/wrn/hurricane-preparedness

Prepare for Hurricanes, https://www.ready.gov/hurricanes

Hurricane Safety Tips and Resources, https://www.redcross.org/get-help/how-to-prepare-for-emergencies/types-of-emergencies/hurricane.html

Hurricane Preparedness Guide, https://www.fema.gov/sites/default/files/documents/fema_2022-hurricane-seasonal-preparedness-guide.pdf